<!doctype html><!--STATUS OK-->
<html> 
 <head> 
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> 
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  <meta name="Description" content="百度学术搜索，是一个提供海量中英文文献检索的学术资源搜索平台，涵盖了各类学术期刊、学位、会议论文，旨在为国内外学者提供最好的科研体验。"> 
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  <link rel="icon" sizes="any" mask href="//www.baidu.com/img/baidu.svg"> 
  <title>
宋健 - 百度学术
</title> 
  <style>
@font-face {font-family: "iconfont";
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  url('/r/www/cache/scholar_mid/static/xueshu/iconfont/icomoon.ttf?t=1631104720') format('truetype'), /* chrome, firefox, opera, Safari, Android, iOS 4.2+*/
  url('/r/www/cache/scholar_mid/static/xueshu/iconfont/icomoon.svg?t=1631104720#icomoon') format('svg'); /* iOS 4.1- */
}
</style> 
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var name,navigate,bdQid="c70f0f09000a17d3";
// 新增固定打点
var plat = "" || 'pc';
var from = uaMatch(navigator.userAgent);
from = from.platformid;
var bds={
    se:{},
    util:{},
    //结果页js通用打点数据
    comm : {
        scholar: 1,
        domain:"http://www.baidu.com",
        ubsurl : "https://sp1.baidu.com/5bU_dTmfKgQFm2e88IuM_a/w.gif",
        tn:"SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa",
        queryEnc:"%25CB%25CE%25BD%25A1",
        queryId:"c70f0f09000a17d3",
        ishome : 0,
        isTransShow: 0,
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        queryShow : "宋健",
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        useFavo : "",
        pinyin : "songjian",
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        personalData : "",
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        zxlNum:0,
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        resultTn:"SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa",
        scFrom:"",
        scAsPara:"",
        isdetailpage: 0,
        // topBannerInfo: {
        //     startDate: "2018\/05\/28",
        //     endDate: "2018\/10\/11",
        //     width: "260",
        //     height: "130",
        //     id: "jiangxuejin",
        //     imgUrl: "http:\/\/ps-scholar-static.bj.bcebos.com\/homepage%2Fbaidujiangxuejing.jpeg",
        //     jumpUrl: "http:\/\/scholarship.baidu.com\/"
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        pageBannerInfo: {
            startDate: "2018\/01\/01",
			endDate: "2099\/01\/01",
			id: "checkpage"
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bds.comm.upn = {"browser":"chrome","ie":"","os":"linux","win":"","browsertype":"chrome"};

var selfOpen = window.open;
eval("var open = selfOpen;");

function G(id){
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}

function TagQ(tag,obj){
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}

/**
* @description 增加sclick统计
* @function
* @name c
* @grammar c(1)
* @param {Object} q 字段集合
* @return {Boolean} 当发送成功时返回true
*/
function c(q){
    var p = window.document.location.href, sQ = '', sV = '', mu='', img = window["BD_PS_C" + (new Date()).getTime()] = new Image();
    for (v in q) {
        switch (v) {
            case "title":
                sV = encodeURIComponent(q[v].replace(/<[^<>]+>/g, ""));
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            case "url":
                sV = escape(q[v]);
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                sV = q[v];
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    }catch(e){};
	img.src = "https://sp1.baidu.com/5bU_dTmfKgQFm2e88IuM_a/w.gif?q=" + bds.comm.queryEnc + sQ + mu + "&rsv_sid=" + bds.comm.sid + "&cid="+bds.comm.cid+"&qid="+bds.comm.qid+"&t="+new Date().getTime()+"&path="+p;
    return true;
}

// 百度统计JS-API部署(http://tongji.baidu.com/open/api/more?p=guide_overview)
var _hmt = _hmt || [];

/**
* @description 增加nsclick统计
* @function
* @name c
* @grammar ns_c(1)
* @param {Object} q 字段集合
* @return {Boolean} 当发送成功时返回true
*/
function ns_c(q){
	ns_c_xs(q);
}

/**
* @description 增加xueshu nsclick统计
* @function
* @name c
* @grammar ns_c(1)
* @param {Object} q 字段集合
* @return {Boolean} 当发送成功时返回true
*/

function ns_c_xs(q){
    var nsclickHost =  '//nsclick.baidu.com';
    var nsclickUrl = bds && bds.util && bds.util.domain
        ? bds.util.domain.get('http:' + nsclickHost)
        : 'http:' + nsclickHost;

    // uda打点新增固定参数
    q['bid'] = 1;
    q['from'] = from;
    q['plat'] = plat;

    var p = encodeURIComponent(window.document.location.href), sQ = '',wd=bds.comm.queryEnc, sV = '', mu='', img = window["BD_PS_C" + (new Date()).getTime()] = new Image();
    for (v in q) {
        switch (v) {
            case "title":
                sV = encodeURIComponent(q[v].replace(/<[^<>]+>/g, ""));
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            case "url":
                sV = encodeURIComponent(q[v]);
                break;
            default:
                sV = q[v]
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    mu= "&mu=" + p;

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    var mod = bds.comm.schoolEname ? '&mod=lib_' + bds.comm.schoolEname : '';
    //fr是否来自详情页
    var fr = bds.comm.isdetailpage ? '&fr=detailpage' : '';
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        + "&rsv_sid=" + bds.comm.sid
        + "&wd=" + wd
        + "&" + sQ + "f=" + bds.comm.f
        + "&oq=" + bds.comm.oq
        + "&rsp=" + bds.comm.rsp
        + "&path=" + p
        + "&tn=" + bds.comm.tn
        + "&t=" + new Date().getTime()
        + '&pn=' + bds.comm.pn
        + mod
        + fr
        + "&ua=" + navigator.userAgent;
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}

/**
* @description 为搜索请求添加query，并增加ie参数
* @function
* @name setHeadUrl
* @grammar setHeadUrl(el)
* @param {Object} el 点击的链接对象
*/
function setHeadUrl(el){
    var word = G("kw").value;
    word = encodeURIComponent(word);
    var url = el.href;
    url = url.replace(new RegExp("(" + el.getAttribute('wdfield') + "=)[^&]*"), '\x241' + word+"&ie=utf-8");
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}

bds.util.getWinWidth = function(){
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};
//设置页面主体宽度
//由于此时tangram还没加载，所以不能使用baidu.dom.addClass/removeClass
bds.util.setContainerWidth = function(){
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};
// ie版本
bds.util.Ieversion = function() {
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        iereg = /MSIE (\d+).*/,
        version = ua.match(iereg);

    if (version && version[1]) {
        return parseInt(version[1]);
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};

//阿拉丁命名空间
window.A =  bds.aladdin = {
    ids: [],
    has: true,
    list: [],
    logs: [],
    loadTimes: []
};

(function(){
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            if(window.debugFlag) throw e;
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    //在js基础库加载完成后执行fn
    bds.ready = function(fn){
        if(typeof fn != 'function') return;
        if(isReady){exec(fn)}
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    //手动触发ready
    bds.doReady = function(){
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        while(fns.length) exec(fns.shift());
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    //通过json字符串获取对象
    var getJson = function(jsonString){
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                if(r) result = r;
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        return result;
    },


    // 获取当前阿拉丁DOM容器
    getCurrentAladdin = (function(){
        var scripts = document.getElementsByTagName("script");
        return function(){
            var script = scripts[scripts.length - 1], container = script;
            while(container){
                if( container.className ){
                    if( /(?:^|\s)result(?:-op)?(?:$|\s)/.test(container.className)){
                        if( tplname = container.getAttribute("tpl") ){
                            return container;
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                    }
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                container = container.parentNode;
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        for(var i = 0, name, el; el = els[i]; i++ ){
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                if( alaEls[name] ){
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    disposeOnceHandlers = [],

    //每项格式同disposeOnceHandlers
    //每项执行后仍保留
    //即每次销毁实例时都执行一次
    disposeAlwaysHandlers = [],

    currentSetupContainer = null,

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    mergeHandlers = [],

    // 阿拉丁实例构造函数
    Ala = A._Aladdin = function(){
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        this.mu = null;
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    A.merge = function(tplname, fn){
        mergeHandlers.push({tplname: tplname, fn: fn});
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    // 阿拉丁入口函数
    A.init = A.setup = function(k, v){

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        if( k === undefined || k === null){
            return;
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        var object, container = currentSetupContainer || getCurrentAladdin();
        if( !container){
            return;
        }

        object = {container: container};

        if(typeof k == "function"){
            object.handler = k;

        }else if(typeof k == 'object'){
            object.data = k;

        }else{
            object.data = {};
            object.data[k] = v;
        }

        readyedHandlers.push( object );
    };

    // 注册每次销毁均执行的函数
    A.addDisposeHandler = function(item){
        disposeAlwaysHandlers.push(item);
    };

    //全局阿拉丁销毁函数，在删除阿拉丁dom节点前调用
    A.dispose = function(){
        // 执行阿拉丁实例dispose队列
        while(disposeOnceHandlers.length){
            var d = disposeOnceHandlers.shift();
            exec(d.fn, d.obj);
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        // 顺序执行销毁函数
        var handlers = disposeAlwaysHandlers;
        for(var i=0;i<handlers.length;i++){
            var d = handlers[i];
            exec(d.fn, d.obj);
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    // 遍历执行所有阿拉丁实例
    bds.ready(function(){

        // 将所有的merge队列转换为setup队列
        if( mergeHandlers.length ){
            var results = getResults();
            for(var i = 0, item; item = mergeHandlers[i]; i++){
                var els = results[item.tplname];
                if(els){
                    for(var j = 0, el; el = els[j]; j++){
                        currentSetupContainer = el;
                        item.fn();
                        currentSetupContainer = null;
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        // 整理出的每个Aladding JS数据
        var groupData = [],
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            if(!isNaN(el.initIndex)){
                return  groupData[ el.initIndex * 1];
            }
            var data = { data:{}, handlers: [], container: el };
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            el.initIndex = groupData.length - 1;
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        // 整理setup队列顺序
        for(var i = 0, item; item = readyedHandlers[i]; i++){
            var elData = getGroupData(item.container);

            if( item.data ){
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            }else if (item.handler){
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        // 遍历所有的setup
        for(var i = 0, item; item = groupData[i]; i++){
            var fn,
            sTime,
            eTime,
            obj = {},
            ala = new Ala();

            ala.data = item.data;
            ala.container = item.container;
            ala._init();
            A.list.push(ala);

            // 执行setup队列
            sTime = new Date();
            while( fn = item.handlers.shift() ){
                exec(fn, ala);
                //执行完fn后，如果示例上定义了dispose方法
                //则将其保存到队列中
                if(typeof ala.dispose == 'function'){
                    disposeOnceHandlers.push({
                        obj:ala,
                        fn: ala.dispose
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                    ala.dispose = null;
                }
            }
            eTime = new Date();

            // 统计执行时间
            obj = { srcid: ala.srcid };
            obj.tpl  = ala.container.getAttribute('tpl');
            obj.time = eTime - sTime;
            A.loadTimes.push( obj );

            $.each( A._Aladdin.fixs, function(i, f){
                f.call(ala, ala);
            });
        }

    });

    Ala.prototype = {

        //初始化实例属性
        _init: function() {
            var attrs = getJson(this.container.getAttribute('data-click'));
            this.p1 = attrs.p1 || this.container.id;
            this.mu = attrs.mu || this.container.getAttribute('mu');
            this.srcid = attrs.rsv_srcid || this.container.getAttribute('srcid');
        }
    };


})();
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																					            																											 // ssl_url_r转的dss0.bdstatic.com/9r-1bjml2gcT8tyhnq这个代理下线，换成这个


//https域名转换工具
bds.util = bds.util || {};
bds.util.domain = (function(){
	var list = {
        "graph.baidu.com": "https://sp1.baidu.com/-aYHfD0a2gU2pMbgoY3K",
		"p.qiao.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/5PoXdTebKgQFm2e88IuM_a",
		"vse.baidu.com":"https://sp3.baidu.com/6qUDsjip0QIZ8tyhnq",
		"hdpreload.baidu.com":"https://sp3.baidu.com/7LAWfjuc_wUI8t7jm9iCKT-xh_",
		"lcr.open.baidu.com":"https://sp2.baidu.com/8LUYsjW91Qh3otqbppnN2DJv",
		"kankan.baidu.com":"https://sp3.baidu.com/7bM1dzeaKgQFm2e88IuM_a",
		"xapp.baidu.com":"https://sp2.baidu.com/yLMWfHSm2Q5IlBGlnYG",
		"dr.dh.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/-KZ1aD0a2gU2pMbgoY3K",
		"xiaodu.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/yLsHczq6KgQFm2e88IuM_a",
		"sensearch.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/5b11fzupBgM18t7jm9iCKT-xh_",
		"s1.bdstatic.com":"https://dss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K",
		"olime.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/8bg4cTva2gU2pMbgoY3K",
		"app.baidu.com":"https://sp2.baidu.com/9_QWsjip0QIZ8tyhnq",
		"i.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/74oIbT3kAMgDnd_",
		"c.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/9foIbT3kAMgDnd_",
		"sclick.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/5bU_dTmfKgQFm2e88IuM_a",
		"nsclick.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/8qUJcD3n0sgCo2Kml5_Y_D3",
		"sestat.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/5b1ZeDe5KgQFm2e88IuM_a",
		"eclick.baidu.com":"https://sp3.baidu.com/-0U_dTmfKgQFm2e88IuM_a",
		"api.map.baidu.com":"https://sp2.baidu.com/9_Q4sjOpB1gCo2Kml5_Y_D3",
		"ecma.bdimg.com":"https://dss1.bdstatic.com/-0U0bXSm1A5BphGlnYG",
		"ecmb.bdimg.com":"https://dss0.bdstatic.com/-0U0bnSm1A5BphGlnYG",
        "t1.baidu.com":"https://t1.baidu.com",
        "t2.baidu.com":"https://t2.baidu.com",
        "t3.baidu.com":"https://t3.baidu.com",
		"t10.baidu.com":"https://t10.baidu.com",
		"t11.baidu.com":"https://t11.baidu.com",
		"t12.baidu.com":"https://t12.baidu.com",
		"i7.baidu.com":"https://dss0.baidu.com/73F1bjeh1BF3odCf",
		"i8.baidu.com":"https://dss0.baidu.com/73x1bjeh1BF3odCf",
		"i9.baidu.com":"https://dss0.baidu.com/73t1bjeh1BF3odCf",
		"b1.bdstatic.com":"https://dss0.bdstatic.com/9uN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K",
		"ss.bdimg.com":"https://dss1.bdstatic.com/5aV1bjqh_Q23odCf",
		"opendata.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/8aQDcjqpAAV3otqbppnN2DJv",
		"api.open.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/9_Q4sjW91Qh3otqbppnN2DJv",
		"tag.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/6LMFsjip0QIZ8tyhnq",
		"f3.baidu.com":"https://sp2.baidu.com/-uV1bjeh1BF3odCf",
		"s.share.baidu.com":"https://sp1.baidu.com/5foZdDe71MgCo2Kml5_Y_D3",
		"bdimg.share.baidu.com":"https://dss1.baidu.com/9rA4cT8aBw9FktbgoI7O1ygwehsv",
        "1.su.bdimg.com":"https://dss0.bdstatic.com/k4oZeXSm1A5BphGlnYG",
        "2.su.bdimg.com":"https://dss1.bdstatic.com/kvoZeXSm1A5BphGlnYG",
        "3.su.bdimg.com":"https://dss2.bdstatic.com/kfoZeXSm1A5BphGlnYG",
        "4.su.bdimg.com":"https://dss3.bdstatic.com/lPoZeXSm1A5BphGlnYG",
        "5.su.bdimg.com":"https://dss0.bdstatic.com/l4oZeXSm1A5BphGlnYG",
        "6.su.bdimg.com":"https://dss1.bdstatic.com/lvoZeXSm1A5BphGlnYG",
        "7.su.bdimg.com":"https://dss2.bdstatic.com/lfoZeXSm1A5BphGlnYG",
        "8.su.bdimg.com":"https://dss3.bdstatic.com/iPoZeXSm1A5BphGlnYG",
        "hiphotos.baidu.com":"https://dss3.baidu.com/7LsWdDW5_xN3otqbppnN2DJv",
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        "upload.xueshu.baidu.com":"http://upload.xueshu.baidu.com",
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         <div class="leftnav_list_cont"> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20keywords%3A%28%E8%8B%A6%E5%8F%82%E7%B4%A0%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag left_list_short_show" title="苦参素" data-index="" data-num="8" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_keywords'}">苦参素</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20keywords%3A%28%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag left_list_short_show" title="科学技术" data-index="" data-num="8" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_keywords'}">科学技术</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20keywords%3A%28%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E4%B8%8E%E8%B0%83%E5%BA%A6%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag left_list_short_show" title="计划与调度" data-index="" data-num="8" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_keywords'}">计划与调度</a> <a href="javascript:;" class="leftnav_showmore">+</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20keywords%3A%28%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E6%9E%84%E6%88%90%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="疾病构成" data-index="" data-num="8" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_keywords'}">疾病构成</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20keywords%3A%28%E8%82%9D%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4%E5%8C%96%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="肝纤维化" data-index="" data-num="8" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_keywords'}">肝纤维化</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20keywords%3A%28pert%2Fcpm%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="pert/cpm" data-index="" data-num="6" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_keywords'}">pert/cpm</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20keywords%3A%28%E4%BD%8F%E9%99%A2%E7%97%85%E4%BA%BA%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="住院病人" data-index="" data-num="6" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_keywords'}">住院病人</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20keywords%3A%28%E5%88%B6%E9%80%A0%E4%B8%9A%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="制造业" data-index="" data-num="6" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_keywords'}">制造业</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20keywords%3A%28%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8%E5%99%A8%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="制动器" data-index="" data-num="6" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_keywords'}">制动器</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20keywords%3A%28%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="统计分析" data-index="" data-num="6" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_keywords'}">统计分析</a> <a href="javascript:;" class="leftnav_hidemore">-</a> 
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         <div class="leftnav_list_cont"> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;filter=sc_type%3D%7B1%7D" class="OP_LOG_BTN leftnav_tag left_list_short_show" title="期刊" data-index="1" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_type'}">期刊</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;filter=sc_type%3D%7B2%7D" class="OP_LOG_BTN leftnav_tag left_list_short_show" title="学位" data-index="2" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_type'}">学位</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;filter=sc_type%3D%7B3%7D" class="OP_LOG_BTN leftnav_tag left_list_short_show" title="会议" data-index="3" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_type'}">会议</a> <a href="javascript:;" class="leftnav_showmore">+</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;filter=sc_type%3D%7B4%7D" class="OP_LOG_BTN leftnav_tag " title="图书" data-index="4" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_type'}">图书</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;filter=sc_type%3D%7B5%7D" class="OP_LOG_BTN leftnav_tag " title="专利" data-index="5" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_type'}">专利</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;filter=sc_type%3D%7B6%7D" class="OP_LOG_BTN leftnav_tag " title="标准" data-index="6" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_type'}">标准</a> <a href="javascript:;" class="leftnav_hidemore">-</a> 
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         <div class="leftnav_list_cont"> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20authors%3A%28%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag left_list_short_show" title="宋健" data-index="" data-num="424" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_authors'}">宋健</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20authors%3A%28%E6%9D%8E%E4%BA%AE%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag left_list_short_show" title="李亮" data-index="" data-num="36" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_authors'}">李亮</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20authors%3A%28%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5%E6%B5%B7%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag left_list_short_show" title="宋健海" data-index="" data-num="28" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_authors'}">宋健海</a> <a href="javascript:;" class="leftnav_showmore">+</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20authors%3A%28%E5%88%98%E5%A3%AB%E6%96%B0%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="刘士新" data-index="" data-num="24" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_authors'}">刘士新</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20authors%3A%28%E5%94%90%E5%8A%A0%E7%A6%8F%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="唐加福" data-index="" data-num="20" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_authors'}">唐加福</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20authors%3A%28%E9%92%B1%E5%AD%A6%E6%A3%AE%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="钱学森" data-index="" data-num="20" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_authors'}">钱学森</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20authors%3A%28%E7%8E%8B%E7%8E%89%E6%B5%B7%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="王玉海" data-index="" data-num="20" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_authors'}">王玉海</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20authors%3A%28%E6%9D%8E%E5%85%B4%E5%9D%A4%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="李兴坤" data-index="" data-num="20" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_authors'}">李兴坤</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20authors%3A%28%E6%9D%9C%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B0%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="杜立新" data-index="" data-num="16" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_authors'}">杜立新</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20authors%3A%28%E5%BC%A0%E8%B6%8A%E4%BB%8A%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="张越今" data-index="" data-num="16" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_authors'}">张越今</a> <a href="javascript:;" class="leftnav_hidemore">-</a> 
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       <div class="leftnav_item"> <a href="#" class="leftnav_t" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_jnls'}"><i class="c-icon  c-icon-arrow-up-gray"></i>期刊</a> 
        <div class="leftnav_list leftnav_list_show left_list_short"> 
         <div class="leftnav_list_cont"> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20jnls%3A%28%E3%80%8A%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E3%80%8B%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag left_list_short_show" title="《公路交通科技》" data-index="" data-num="20" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_jnls'}">《公路交通科技》</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20jnls%3A%28%E3%80%8A%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E6%9C%BA%E6%A2%B0%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5%E3%80%8B%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag left_list_short_show" title="《农业机械学报》" data-index="" data-num="8" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_jnls'}">《农业机械学报》</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20jnls%3A%28%E3%80%8A%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag left_list_short_show" title="《人口研究》" data-index="" data-num="8" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_jnls'}">《人口研究》</a> <a href="javascript:;" class="leftnav_showmore">+</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20jnls%3A%28%E3%80%8A%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E3%80%8B%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="《汽车技术》" data-index="" data-num="8" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_jnls'}">《汽车技术》</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20jnls%3A%28%E3%80%8A%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5%28%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%88%29%E3%80%8B%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="《清华大学学报(自然科学版)》" data-index="" data-num="8" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_jnls'}">《清华大学学报(...</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20jnls%3A%28%E3%80%8A%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E6%9D%82%E5%BF%97%E3%80%8B%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="《国际呼吸杂志》" data-index="" data-num="6" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_jnls'}">《国际呼吸杂志》</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20jnls%3A%28%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E3%80%8B%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="《中国医院统计》" data-index="" data-num="6" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_jnls'}">《中国医院统计》</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20jnls%3A%28%E3%80%8A%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E4%BB%BF%E7%9C%9F%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5%E3%80%8B%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="《系统仿真学报》" data-index="" data-num="6" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_jnls'}">《系统仿真学报》</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20jnls%3A%28%E3%80%8A%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E4%B8%8E%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E3%80%8B%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="《控制与决策》" data-index="" data-num="6" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_jnls'}">《控制与决策》</a> <a href="/s?wd=%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;sc_hit=1&amp;bcp=2&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;tag_filter=%20%20%20jnls%3A%28%E3%80%8A%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B%29" class="OP_LOG_BTN sc_nav_tag " title="《城市轨道交通研究》" data-index="" data-num="4" data-click="{'button_tp':'filter_jnls'}">《城市轨道交通研...</a> <a href="javascript:;" class="leftnav_hidemore">-</a> 
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         <h3 class="t c_font"> <a href="https://xueshu.baidu.com/usercenter/paper/show?paperid=86d5d6ab5c5ffa5d4bc43a3ea473d260&amp;site=xueshu_se" data-click="{'button_tp':'title'}" target="_blank">人口控制论</a> </h3> 
         <div class="c_abstract">
           一,引言 1987年7月11日世界总人口突破了50亿.自从人类出现一直到1830年,其间经历了数百万年,世界总人口才达到10亿.此后,每增加10亿人口的时间间隔分别为100,30,15... 
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/s?wd=author%3A%28%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5%29%20&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;sc_f_para=sc_hilight%3Dperson" target="_blank" data-click="{'button_tp':'author'}"><em>宋健</em></a> ， <a href="        
                    
/s?wd=author%3A%28%E4%BA%8E%E6%99%AF%E5%85%83%29%20&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;sc_f_para=sc_hilight%3Dperson" target="_blank" data-click="{'button_tp':'author'}">于景元</a> ， <a href="        
                    
/s?wd=author%3A%28%E5%AD%94%E5%BE%B7%E6%B6%8C%29%20&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;sc_f_para=sc_hilight%3Dperson" target="_blank" data-click="{'button_tp':'author'}">孔德涌</a> </span>&nbsp;-&nbsp; <span> <a href="                    /usercenter/data/journal?cmd=jump&amp;wd=journaluri%3A%28ce6ff0f2656c50d3%29%20%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%BD%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E3%80%8B&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;sc_f_para=sc_hilight%3Dpublish&amp;sort=sc_cited" target="_blank" data-click="{'button_tp':'publish'}" title="《中国软科学》"> 《中国软科学》 </a> </span> &nbsp;-&nbsp; <span class=""> 被引量:&nbsp; <a href="/s?wd=refpaperuri:(86d5d6ab5c5ffa5d4bc43a3ea473d260)&amp;sc_f_para=sc_cita%3D%7B%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E8%AE%BA%2C%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20441%0D%0A%20%20%20%20%7D&amp;sort=sc_cited&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;ie=utf-8" target="_blank" class="sc_cite_cont" data-click="{'button_tp':'sc_cited'}"> 441 </a> </span> &nbsp;-&nbsp; <span class="sc_time" data-year="1989"> 1989年</span> 
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           近几十年来 ,中国的"独生子女"与"独生子女户"成为与计划生育政策有关的一代特殊人口与一类特别家庭.对二者界定的不同标准造成了对其规模估计的分歧和深入研究的困... 
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//xueshu.baidu.com/usercenter/data/author?cmd=authoruri&amp;wd=authoruri%3A%2850d6ad65476038e9%29%20author%3A%28%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5%29%20%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%A7%94" target="_blank" data-click="{'button_tp':'author'}"><em>宋健</em></a> </span>&nbsp;-&nbsp; <span> <a href="                    /usercenter/data/journal?cmd=jump&amp;wd=journaluri%3A%28c1c8d788c8d509c2%29%20%E3%80%8A%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;ie=utf-8&amp;sc_f_para=sc_hilight%3Dpublish&amp;sort=sc_cited" target="_blank" data-click="{'button_tp':'publish'}" title="《人口研究》"> 《人口研究》 </a> </span> &nbsp;-&nbsp; <span class=""> 被引量:&nbsp; <a href="/s?wd=refpaperuri:(83907d2fc5c8b107d0834a72bf867d05)&amp;sc_f_para=sc_cita%3D%7B%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%8B%AC%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%A5%B3%E4%B8%8E%E7%8B%AC%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%A5%B3%E6%88%B7%2C%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20274%0D%0A%20%20%20%20%7D&amp;sort=sc_cited&amp;tn=SE_baiduxueshu_c1gjeupa&amp;ie=utf-8" target="_blank" class="sc_cite_cont" data-click="{'button_tp':'sc_cited'}"> 274 </a> </span> &nbsp;-&nbsp; <span class="sc_time" data-year="2005"> 2005年</span> 
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<span class="v_icon"> <img src="https://bj.bcebos.com/ps-scholar/xueshu/1582281975/47595/a5d78dd13b7d91cd9e47c2e48aa8c07b.jpg" width="16" height="16"> </span> <a class="v_source" title="知网" target="_blank" href="http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-RKYZ200502002.htm" url="http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-RKYZ200502002.htm" data-click="{'button_tp':'allversion_link','pub_name':'www.cnki.com.cn'}" data-isclick="2"> 知网 </a> </span> <span class="split">&nbsp;/&nbsp;</span> <span class="v_item_span"> <span class="v_icon"> <img src="https://bj.bcebos.com/ps-scholar/xueshu/1582281972/72513/ce5cdba2ed92fb593690d8683e2a7402.jpg" width="16" height="16"> </span> <a class="v_source" title="维普网" target="_blank" href="http://www.cqvip.com/main/none.aspx?lngid=15448436" url="http://www.cqvip.com/main/none.aspx?lngid=15448436" data-click="{'button_tp':'allversion_link','pub_name':'www.cqvip.com'}" data-isclick="2"> 维普网 </a> <a href="javascript:;" class="v_morebtn" 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//xueshu.baidu.com/usercenter/data/author?cmd=authoruri&amp;wd=authoruri%3A%283f5a9fb326dbd12e%29%20author%3A%28%E5%88%98%E5%A3%AB%E6%96%B0%29%20%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%8E%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" target="_blank" data-click="{'button_tp':'author'}">刘士新</a> ， <a href="        
                

//xueshu.baidu.com/usercenter/data/author?cmd=authoruri&amp;wd=authoruri%3A%287a9f9ebd0e871aea%29%20author%3A%28%E5%AE%8B%E5%81%A5%E6%B5%B7%29%20%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%AE%9D%E4%BF%A1%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%82%A1%E4%BB%BD%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" target="_blank" data-click="{'button_tp':'author'}"><em>宋健</em>海</a> ， <a href="        
                

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